Context:

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has recently updated its National List of Essential Diagnostics, aiming to bring clinical testing closer to people. This move is expected to have a significant impact on public health, particularly in the context of India's healthcare infrastructure and disease burden.

About the new National List of Essential Diagnostics:

The updated list includes several rapid diagnostic tests and biochemical tests at lower levels of health centers, such as sub-centres and primary health centers (PHCs). Some of the key additions include:

·        Rapid diagnostic tests: For sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, Hepatitis B, and syphilis at the sub-centre level.

·        Sample collection for molecular testing: For tuberculosis (TB) at the sub-centre level.

·        Dengue testing: Sample collection for dengue testing at the sub-centre level.

·        Blood tests: Many blood tests, such as those for blood glucose levels, liver enzymes, and cholesterol, can now be performed at the PHC level with semi-auto analyzers.

Significance of these Tests:

Before this update, many tests were only available in bigger hospitals. This meant:

• People had to travel long distances
• Test results took time
• Many patients were diagnosed late, when the disease was already advanced

Now, with new machines and training, these tests can be done closer to people’s homes, at PHCs or even sub-centres.

Implications:

·        Faster detection of serious diseases like TB and Hepatitis B

·        Early treatment means better chances of recovery

·        Helps the government track diseases better

·        Free testing reduces out-of-pocket expenses for poor families

·        Supports big goals like eliminating sickle cell disease by 2047

 About National Essential Diagnostics List (NEDL):

The National Essential Diagnostics List (NEDL) is a list of essential diagnostic tests recommended for various levels of healthcare facilities in India, ranging from village-level to district hospitals. 

·        It aims to ensure the availability and accessibility of crucial diagnostic services to support disease diagnosis and treatment. 

·        The NEDL is developed and maintained by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). 

About Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR):

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) is the apex body in India for formulating, coordinating, and promoting biomedical research. 

·        It's one of the oldest medical research organizations in the world, established in 1911, and is funded by the Indian government. 

·        ICMR's primary focus is on conducting, coordinating, and implementing research to benefit society and translating those findings into practical health solutions. 

Conclusion:

The ICMR's updated list of essential diagnostics is a significant step towards improving public health in India. By bringing clinical testing closer to people and increasing accessibility, the updated list is expected to have a positive impact on disease diagnosis, treatment, and control.