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Daily-mcqs 31 Oct 2025

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams 31 Oct 2025

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams

Q1:

With reference to the 9M730 Burevestnik, recently in the news, consider the following statements:

1.   It is a ground-launched, nuclear-powered cruise missile developed by Russia.

2.   The missile reportedly uses a miniature nuclear reactor for propulsion, enabling extremely long range.

3.   It is primarily designed to defeat high-altitude ballistic missile defences by flying low and unpredictably.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 2 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: D

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The 9M730 Burevestnik is a ground-launched system under development by Russia, not air‐ or submarine‐launched.

Statement 2 – Correct: It uses a miniature nuclear reactor that superheats incoming air to produce thrust, allowing virtually unlimited range (estimated up to ~20,000 km).

Statement 3 – Correct: By flying at very low altitudes (50–100 m) and following erratic flight paths, the missile can evade radar and ballistic missile defences, which are optimized for predictable high‐altitude trajectories.

Q2:

With reference to the recent research on the “nanometre-scale tank” of helium, consider the following statements:

1.   The experiment uses superfluid helium, which can flow without viscosity or friction.

2.   In the study, wave troughs were found to move faster than wave crests, a phenomenon termed backward steepening.

3.   These wave behaviors can be fully explained by classical Newtonian fluid mechanics.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 2 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The research used superfluid helium, a quantum state of helium that flows without viscosity, allowing motion through ultra-thin (nanometre-scale) films.

Statement 2 – Correct: One key observation was backward steepening, where wave troughs move faster than crests, opposite to normal water waves.

Statement 3 – Incorrect: Such behaviors cannot be explained by classical fluid mechanics, as they arise from quantum mechanical effects unique to superfluids.

Q3:

With reference to the recent India–Nepal power cooperation agreements, consider the following statements:

1.   The agreements aim to build two 400 kV double-circuit (Quad Moose) cross-border transmission lines.

2.   One line will connect Inaruwa in Nepal to New Purnea in India, while the other will connect Lamki (Dodhara) in Nepal to Bareilly in India.

3.   These projects are being developed under a joint venture between India’s POWERGRID Corporation and Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA).

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 only

B: 2 only

C: 1, 2 and 3

D: None

Show

Answer: C

Explanation:

All statements are correct.

The Inaruwa–New Purnea and Lamki (Dodhara)–Bareilly projects are both 400 kV double-circuit (Quad Moose) lines — a high-capacity standard for long-distance transmission.

They are being jointly developed by POWERGRID Corporation of India Ltd. (PGCIL) and the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA).

These links will expand cross-border power transfer and strengthen regional energy cooperation.

Q4:

With reference to the Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Amendment Rules, 2025, consider the following statements:

1.   The amendment aims to align the Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 2011 with the Medical Devices Rules, 2017.

2.   It provides specific provisions for packaged medical devices to ensure consistency in labeling and declarations.

3.   Under the amendment, relaxations available under Rule 33 of the Legal Metrology Rules continue to apply to medical devices.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The 2025 amendment explicitly aims to harmonise Legal Metrology Rules (2011) with the Medical Devices Rules, 2017 for better regulatory coherence.

Statement 2 – Correct: It introduces special provisions for packages containing medical devices, ensuring that labeling and declaration standards are aligned with the medical devices framework.

Statement 3 – Incorrect: The relaxations under Rule 33 (which provide certain exemptions for declarations) do not apply to medical devices under this amendment.

Q5:

The Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Amendment Rules, 2025 were notified by which of the following bodies?

A: Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)

B: Department of Consumer Affairs, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution

C: Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO)

D: National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA)

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Answer: B

Explanation:

The Department of Consumer Affairs administers the Legal Metrology Act, 2009 and associated rules.

Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Amendment Rules, 2025 was issued by this Department of Consumer Affairs to ensure regulatory alignment with the Medical Devices Rules, 2017, which are overseen by the CDSCO under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.