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Daily-mcqs 20 Aug 2025

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams 20 Aug 2025

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams

Q1:

Which of the following statements about Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) is/are correct?

1.   It is caused by Naegleria fowleri, a bacterium found in warm stagnant water.

2.   The infection typically occurs when contaminated water enters the body through the mouth.

3.   It affects the central nervous system, particularly the brain.

4.   Its Prevention involves avoiding exposure warm stagnant freshwater.

Options:

A: Only 1 and 2

B: Only 3

C: Only 3 and 4

D: Only 2, 3 and 4

Show

Answer: C

Explanation:

Naegleria fowleri is not a bacterium, but a free-living amoeba. Also, it is found in warm freshwater,. Thus statement 1 is incorrect.

Infection does not occur through the mouth, but when contaminated water enters through the nose, typically during swimming or bathing. Thus statement 2 is incorrect.

PAM is a brain infection and affects the central nervous system, particularly the brain and its protective membranes. Thus statement 3 is correct.

Prevention includes avoiding swimming in warm stagnant freshwater and using nose clips to prevent water from entering the nose. Thus statement 4 is correct.

Q2:

Which of the following statements about the Indian Ports Bill, 2025 is/are correct?

1.   It replaces the Indian Ports Act of 1908 to modernize maritime governance.

2.   The Bill empowers Central Government to manage both major and non-major ports.

3.   It mandates environmental compliance with international conventions like MARPOL.

4.   A Maritime State Development Council (MSDC) will be created to coordinate between Centre and States through this bill.

Options:

A: Only 1

B: Only 1, 3 and 4

C: Only 2 and 4

D: All four

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

The Bill replaces the Indian Ports Act of 1908, a colonial-era law, to introduce a modern legal framework. Thus statement 1 is correct.

The Bill does not centralize all port management. In fact, it empowers coastal States to establish State Maritime Boards for managing non-major ports. Thus statement 2 is incorrect.

The Bill includes provisions to comply with international environmental conventions such as MARPOL (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships) and Ballast Water Management. Thus statement 3 is correct.

It establishes the Maritime State Development Council (MSDC) as a statutory consultative body to ensure coordination between the Centre and States and to help prepare a National Perspective Plan. Thus statement 4 is correct.

Q3:

Which of the following provisions are correctly associated with the POCSO Act, 2012?

1.   The Act mandates that trial must be completed within one month of reporting the offence.

2.   The POCSO Rules, 2020 mandate appointment of support persons for child victims.

3.   The Act provides for mandatory audio-visual recording of child victim statements in every case.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A: Only 1

B: Only 2

C: All three

D: None

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

1. 1^st is incorrect: The Act mandates completion of trial within one years, although this is often delayed in practice.

2. 2^nd is Correct: The POCSO Rules, 2020 include provisions for the appointment of support persons to assist the child during investigation and trial.

3. 3^rd is Incorrect: While the law provides for use of audio-visual recording, it is not mandatory in every case.

Q4:

Which of the following statements about the removal of the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) of India is/are correct?

1.   The CEC can be removed by the President on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.

2.   The grounds for removal are proven misbehaviour or incapacity, similar to a Supreme Court judge.

3.   A judicial inquiry is mandatory before the CEC can be removed.

4.   The removal requires a simple majority vote in both Houses of Parliament.

Options:

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 2 and 3 only

C: Only 3 and 4

D: Only 2, 3 and 4

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Incorrect: The President cannot remove the CEC at will or merely on the PM's advice. It requires a detailed parliamentary and judicial procedure, similar to a Supreme Court judge, as per Article 324(5).

Statement 2 – Correct: The CEC can be removed only on the grounds of proven misbehaviour or incapacity.

Statement 3 – Correct: A judicial inquiry committee must first investigate and confirm the charges before the motion can proceed.

Statement 4 – Incorrect: The removal requires a two-thirds majority in both Houses, not a simple majority.

Q5:

With reference to the Chief Election Commissioner and Other Election Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Service and Term of Office) Act, 2023, consider the following statements:

1.   The Act follows the Supreme Court’s Anoop Baranwal judgment by including the Chief Justice of India in the selection panel of Election Commissioners.

2.   Election Commissioners are appointed by the President on the recommendation of a panel including the PM, LoP, and a Union Cabinet Minister.

3.   The Act fixes the term of office for Election Commissioners as 6 years or until the age of 65, whichever is earlier.

4.   Election Commissioners can be removed by the President only on the recommendation of the CEC.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A: Only 1

B: Only 2

C: Only 3

D: All four

Show

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Incorrect: The 2023 Act does not follow the Anoop Baranwal judgment in full. It replaces the Chief Justice of India with a Union Cabinet Minister, which has drawn criticism.