Answer: D

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: Section 69A of the IT Act, 2000 empowers the Central Government or its authorized officers to block public access to any information online. This is done in the interest of the sovereignty and integrity of India, defense of India, security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, or public order.

Statement 2 is correct: Under the IT Rules, 2021, significant social media intermediaries that primarily provide messaging services must enable features to identify the first originator of a message, particularly when requested by a court or authorized government agency (usually pertaining to sovereignty, public order, or serious offenses).

Statement 3 is correct: Section 79 of the IT Act provides "safe harbour" immunity to intermediaries, meaning they cannot be held legally liable for third-party user-generated content, provided they observe due diligence and strictly comply with government takedown orders. Failure to comply results in the loss of this immunity.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: Section 79(3)(b) of the IT Act works as a direct blocking mechanism for urgent situations. It permits specific ministries or agencies to issue direct takedown orders to intermediaries (often facilitated through platforms like the Sahyog portal) to prevent the continuation of unlawful acts.

Statement 2 is correct: The process for blocking content under Section 69A is highly structured and ensures institutional checks and balances. It begins with the identification of problematic content by authorized ministries or agencies, progresses through a comprehensive review by a designated committee of experts, and concludes with a final blocking order issued by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).

Answer: D

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: Mimeusemia kali belongs to the family Noctuidae (often referred to as owlet moths) and the subfamily Agaristinae.

Statement 2 is correct: The discovery by the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) marks a significant taxonomic milestone, representing the first major addition to the Mimeusemia genus in nearly 30 years.

Statement 3 is correct: Ecological studies highlight that moths generally act as highly sensitive environmental indicators. Because of their sensitivity to habitat alterations and climate change, they are widely used as bio-indicators.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: Kali Tiger Reserve is situated in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka.

Statement 2 is correct: The reserve was earlier known as Dandeli-Anshi Tiger Reserve and was renamed Kali Tiger Reserve in 2015, deriving its name from the Kali River.

Statement 3 is correct: It became a Project Tiger Reserve in 2007 following the merger of Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary and Anshi National Park.

Statement 4 is incorrect: The reserve is located in the Western Ghats, not the Eastern Ghats. It forms part of a larger forest landscape extending into Goa and Maharashtra, creating an important wildlife corridor.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The Western Ghats (Sahyadri Hills) stretch for approximately 1,600 km across six states and are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Statement 2 is correct: Despite covering less than 6% of India's land area, they support more than 30% of India's biodiversity, making them one of the world's eight major biodiversity hotspots.

Statement 3 is correct: The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) was established in 1916, is headquartered in Kolkata, and operates under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).

Statement 4 is incorrect: ZSI is not responsible for managing tiger reserves or national parks. Its primary role is animal taxonomy, biodiversity assessment, ecological research, and providing scientific inputs for conservation.