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Daily-mcqs 11 Aug 2026

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams 11 Aug 2026

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams

Q1:

Consider the following statements regarding India's non-fossil fuel energy status as of 2026:

Non-fossil fuel sources account for more than 50% of India's total installed electricity generation capacity.

Solar energy constitutes the largest share, contributing to more than half of the total non-fossil capacity.

Nuclear energy is excluded from the calculation of non-fossil fuel capacity by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 2 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: India's total installed electricity generation capacity is around 552 GW, and non-fossil sources have reached 300.50 GW, making up over 54% of the total capacity.

Statement 2 is correct: Solar energy stands at 164.59 GW out of the 300.50 GW total non-fossil capacity, which is well over 50% of the aggregate non-fossil mix.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Non-fossil fuel capacity explicitly includes both renewable energy sources and nuclear power (which stands at 8.78 GW).

Q2:

With reference to India's climate commitments and international targets, consider the following statements:

The target of achieving 500 GW of non-fossil energy capacity by 2030 is part of the 'Panchamrit' commitments announced at COP26.

India has committed under the Paris Agreement to achieve about 50% cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil resources by 2030.

India achieved its Paris Agreement goal of 40% non-fossil capacity well ahead of the target deadline.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct:
At COP26, held in Glasgow, India announced the ‘Panchamrit’ action plan. It included the target of achieving 500 GW of non-fossil electricity capacity by 2030.

Statement 2 is incorrect:
Here, it is important to understand the difference between India’s original commitment under the 2015 Paris Agreement and its later revised/updated NDC.

India’s original 2015 NDC set a target of achieving 40% of its total cumulative installed electricity capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy sources by 2030. This target was later increased to around 50%, as part of the updated NDC and the broader climate commitments announced at COP26.

Therefore, if Statement 2 presents the 50% target as India’s commitment under the original Paris Agreement, it is incorrect.

Statement 3 is correct:
India achieved its initial target of 40% non-fossil installed electricity capacity well before the 2030 deadline.

Q3:

Consider the following statements regarding the state song ‘Tamil Thai Vazhthu’:

It is an invocation to Mother Tamil derived from the 1891 Tamil literary work Manonmaniam by Manonmaniam Sundaranar.

It was given the official status of the State Song of Tamil Nadu in the year 2021.

Like the National Anthem (Jana Gana Mana), a State Song derives explicit and equal mandatory status directly from the text of the Constitution of India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: ‘Tamil Thai Vazhthu’ is an invocation prayer dedicated to Mother Tamil and is adapted from the famous 1891 verse-play/epic Manonmaniam written by P. Sundaram Pillai (Manonmaniam Sundaranar).

Statement 2 is correct: Although widely sung across government platforms since the 1970s, it received official legal recognition as the formal State Song of Tamil Nadu in 2021.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The Indian Constitution provides specific mention and respect standards for national symbols like the National Anthem (Jana Gana Mana under Article 51A(a)), but it does not assign identical or equivalent constitutional status to individual State Songs. A state song's mandatory use in public institutions is governed by state executive/administrative action rather than direct constitutional text equivalence.

Q4:

With reference to the recent mandates regarding state songs and ceremonial protocols, consider the following statements:

Article 162 of the Constitution outlines the extent of the executive power of a State, which allows it to prescribe internal protocol and ceremonial practices for state-controlled public offices and educational bodies.

Mandatory institutional rendition of a state song at the start of a public program automatically translates to a legally enforceable individual compulsion for every attendee to sing along under Fundamental Duties.

The Supreme Court’s decision in Bijoe Emmanuel v. State of Kerala (1986) said that people cannot be forced to express respect for a national symbol if doing so goes against their personal beliefs or conscience.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: Under Article 162, the executive power of a State extends to matters with respect to which the Legislature of the State has power to make laws. Setting up administrative or ceremonial rules for state offices falls squarely within this domain.

Statement 2 is incorrect: A clear line exists between institutional duty (an organization or office starting an event with a specific song) and individual compulsion (forcing every single person present to sing it). Requiring an institution to play a song does not automatically mean every person has a legal penalty or absolute obligation to sing it vocally, especially considering individual liberties.

Statement 3 is correct: In the landmark Bijoe Emmanuel case (Jehovah's Witnesses case), the Supreme Court protected individuals from being forced to join in singing the National Anthem when it conflicted with their religious/conscience convictions, drawing a line against absolute forced expression.

Q5:

Consider the following statements regarding the Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) mechanism in India:

The ABS framework in India derives its legal backing from the Biological Diversity Act, 2002.

India's ABS mechanism is aligned with the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.

The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) disburses funds collected under ABS to State Biodiversity Boards and local Biodiversity Management Committees.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 2 only

C: 1 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: India’s legal framework for Access and Benefit Sharing is anchored in the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, which operationalizes the objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The ABS mechanism and benefit-sharing principles are aligned with the Nagoya Protocol, not the Cartagena Protocol. The Cartagena Protocol deals specifically with the safe handling, transport, and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology.

Statement 3 is correct: The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) disburses funds gathered through the ABS mechanism to State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs), Union Territory Biodiversity Councils (UTBCs), and local institutions to promote biodiversity conservation and community welfare.