Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The Civil Registration System (CRS) is governed by the Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969, which makes registration of births and deaths compulsory across India.

Statement 2 – Incorrect: The Registrar General of India (RGI) functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), not the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

Statement 3 – Correct: CRS is India's official system for the continuous, compulsory, and universal registration of births, deaths, and stillbirths, ensuring legal identity and reliable demographic statistics.

Statement 4 – Correct: The CRS Report 2024 recorded 99.1% birth registration and 99.4% death registration, indicating near-universal registration.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) measures the number of female live births per 1,000 male live births, serving as an important indicator of gender equality and the prevalence of sex-selective practices.

Statement 2 – Correct: India's SRB in 2024 was 917 females per 1,000 males, showing gradual improvement but still below the natural biological range.

Statement 3 – Correct: A natural SRB is generally around 950 females per 1,000 males. Ratios significantly below this may indicate gender discrimination, including sex-selective abortions.

Statement 4 – Incorrect: Arunachal Pradesh (1,050) recorded the highest SRB, while Nagaland (865), along with Lakshadweep (865), recorded the lowest SRB.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The VB-G RAM G Act, 2025 has replaced MGNREGA as India's rural wage employment legislation. It aims to modernise rural employment through higher wages, digital governance, climate-resilient development, and durable asset creation.

Statement 2 – Incorrect: The Act guarantees 125 days of wage employment per eligible rural household, not per individual.

Statement 3 – Correct: The Act mandates that wages must be paid within 15 days. In case of delays, workers are entitled to 0.05% daily compensation, strengthening accountability and ensuring timely payments.

Statement 4 – Correct: The Act promotes decentralised planning by requiring Gram Panchayats to prepare Viksit Gram Panchayat Plans (VGPPs) through active participation of the Gram Sabha, thereby strengthening grassroots democracy.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The Act ensures that no notified wage is below ₹300 per day, while the national average wage increases from ₹298.8 to ₹327.4 per day, reflecting an increase of over 10%.

Statement 2 – Correct: Haryana continues to have the highest notified wage rate (₹409), followed by Goa (₹406) and Kerala (₹401).

Statement 3 – Correct: To improve transparency and reduce leakages, the Act introduces several digital governance measures, including:

• Biometric authentication


• Geo-tagging of assets


• GIS-based planning


• National Mobile Monitoring System (NMMS)


• Real-time dashboards


• Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT)

Statement 4 – Incorrect: The Act provides seasonal flexibility, allowing States to suspend works for up to 60 days during peak agricultural seasons. Hence, States are not prohibited from doing so.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The Financial Stability Report (FSR) is a biannual publication of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) that assesses the resilience and stability of India's financial system.

Statement 2 – Correct: The report has been published since 2010. It functions as an early-warning system, identifying systemic risks and vulnerabilities in sectors such as banking, insurance, NBFCs, and financial markets.

Statement 3 – Incorrect: The Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC) is not a statutory body. It is a non-statutory apex body, established in 2010 under the Ministry of Finance, and is chaired by the Union Finance Minister, not the RBI Governor.

Statement 4 – Correct: The FSR is prepared by the RBI using inputs from the FSDC Subcommittee, which is chaired by the RBI Governor.