Context:

On 2 November 2025, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched GSAT-7R (CMS-03), India’s heaviest indigenous communication satellite, aboard the LVM3-M5 rocket from Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.

About GSAT-7R:

GSAT-7R, also designated CMS-03, is an advanced military communication satellite developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for the Indian Navy.

·        It is the latest in India’s GSAT-7 series of defence communication satellites and the heaviest communication satellite ever launched indigenously, weighing about 4,410 kg.

·        The satellite was placed into a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) and will later manoeuvre to its final Geostationary Orbit using its onboard propulsion system.

·        The satellite carries advanced multi-band transponders (C, extended C, and Ku bands) to provide high-capacity, secure communication over the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

·        This builds on the earlier GSAT-7 (Rukmini) series, expanding coverage and improving data security.

Background:

The GSAT-7 series forms the backbone of India’s dedicated military communication system.

·        GSAT-7 (Rukmini), launched in 2013, served the Navy.

·        GSAT-7A, launched in 2018, catered to the Indian Air Force and Army.

·        GSAT-7R replaces and upgrades GSAT-7 with broader coverage, better bandwidth, and enhanced security features.

Strategic Significance:

1.       Maritime Domain Awareness: GSAT-7R will enhance network-centric operations for the Navy, providing seamless communication across wide oceanic areas—vital for monitoring sea lanes, logistics and real-time mission coordination.

2.      Atmanirbhar Bharat: Launching a 4.4-tonne satellite entirely through Indian technology demonstrates ISRO’s growing self-reliance in heavy-lift capabilities, reducing dependence on foreign launchers.

3.      Defence Modernisation: The satellite strengthens the Defence Space Segment, ensuring secure, encrypted communications resilient to jamming or interception.

4.     Civil-Military Synergy: Apart from defence use, GSAT-7R can support civilian applications such as disaster response, island connectivity, and remote communications.

Conclusion:

GSAT-7R marks a significant leap in India’s defence and space technology. It enhances the Indian Navy’s communication and operational readiness, ensures continuous maritime vigilance, and solidifies India’s strategic autonomy in space-based defence infrastructure.