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Daily-mcqs 31 Oct 2026

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams 31 Oct 2026

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams

Q1:

Consider the following statements regarding the World Bank's October 2026 Poverty and Equity Brief on India:

India's extreme poverty rate ($3 per person per day, 2021 PPP) declined from 27.1% in 2011 to 2.6% in 2023.

The $3 per day international poverty line is a direct conversion of three US dollars into Indian rupees using the current market exchange rate.

The proportion of people living below the lower-middle-income poverty line of $4.20 per day fell from 57.7% to 16.1% over the same period.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A: Only one

B: Only two

C: All three

D: None

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: According to the World Bank's October 2026 Poverty and Equity Brief, India's extreme poverty rate ($3 per day, 2021 PPP) dropped significantly from 27.1% in 2011 to 2.6% in 2023, lifting an estimated 496 million people out of poverty at the broader thresholds.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The international poverty line of $3 per person per day is expressed in 2021 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) terms, not a direct conversion into Indian rupees at market exchange rates. PPP adjusts for differences in the local cost of living and purchasing power across countries.

Statement 3 is correct: The proportion of people living below the lower-middle-income poverty line of $4.20 per day (2021 PPP) fell from 57.7% in 2011 to 16.1% in 2023.

Q2:

With reference to the findings of the World Bank's recent report on poverty and employment in India, consider the following statements:

Despite a sharp fall in monetary poverty, income disparities persist, with the median earnings of the top 10% of workers being roughly 13 times those of the bottom 10% in 2023–24.

While India added approximately 134 million employed people between 2017 and 2023, real earnings remained broadly unchanged.

Regionally, the distribution of poverty is even, with southern and western states accounting for more than half of India's poor population.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The report highlights that wage and income disparities remain a major structural challenge, with median earnings of the top 10% of workers standing at approximately 13 times the median earnings of the bottom 10% in 2023–24.

Statement 2 is correct: Between 2017 and 2023, India added around 134 million employed individuals (partly driven by rural women entering the workforce), but real earnings largely stagnated and youth unemployment rose (e.g., from 14.6% in Q1 FY26 to 15.9% in Q1 FY27), pointing to a rise in low-productivity employment.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Poverty reduction and population concentration are uneven regionally. Around 57% of India's poor population remains concentrated in a contiguous belt stretching from Uttar Pradesh to West Bengal, rather than southern and western states.

Q3:

With reference to recent observations and proceedings of the Supreme Court of India regarding digital arrest scams, consider the following statements:

Under the existing statutory framework of Indian law, there is a specific penal provision for "digital arrest" authorizing law enforcement agencies to detain individuals via video calls.

The Supreme Court opined that regulatory measures by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) must mandate financial institutions to compensate digital arrest or cyber fraud victims if the crime occurred due to a failure of due diligence on the part of the bank.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 only

B: 2 only

C: Both 1 and 2

D: None

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: There is no legal provision for "digital arrest" under Indian law. No law enforcement agency (such as the Police, CBI, or ED) is legally empowered to arrest or detain individuals via video calls, Skype, or WhatsApp, nor can they demand money to avoid arrest.

Statement 2 is correct: A Bench headed by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant emphasized that RBI's proposed regulatory framework (such as the draft RBI KYC Amendment Directions, 2026) must mandate financial institutions to fully compensate or indemnify cyber fraud/digital arrest victims if institutional negligence or a failure of due diligence contributed to the loss.

Q4:

With reference to the ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus), consider the following statements:

It is an ASEAN-led platform established in 2010 that includes eight Dialogue Partners along with ASEAN member states.

The chairmanship of the ADMM-Plus rotates annually and is held by the country holding the ASEAN Chairmanship.

It currently focuses on ten major areas of practical defence cooperation, including space security and artificial intelligence.

How many of the above statements are correct?

A: Only one

B: Only two

C: All three

D: None

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The ADMM-Plus is an ASEAN-led platform established in 2010 (inaugurated in Hanoi, Vietnam) to strengthen defence and security cooperation between ASEAN member states and eight Dialogue Partners: India, the USA, China, Russia, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand.

Statement 2 is correct: The chairmanship of the ADMM-Plus rotates annually and is held by the country holding the chair of the ASEAN Summit (for instance, hosted/chaired by the Philippines in 2026).

Statement 3 is incorrect: ADMM-Plus focuses on seven (not ten) major areas of practical defence cooperation: maritime security, counterterrorism, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, peacekeeping operations, military medicine, humanitarian mine action, and cybersecurity.

Q5:

Consider the following statements regarding the 13th ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus) held recently in 2026:

The meeting was hosted in Cebu, Philippines, under the theme "Navigating Our Future, Together."

India and Malaysia are co-chairing the ADMM-Plus Experts’ Working Group on Counter-Terrorism for the 2024–2027 cycle.

Timor-Leste participates in the ADMM-Plus as one of the eight official Dialogue Partners.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The 13th ADMM-Plus was held on 28–29 October 2026 in Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu, Philippines, under the Philippine chairship, with the theme "Navigating Our Future, Together."

Statement 2 is correct: India and Malaysia are indeed co-chairing the Counterterrorism Working Group under ADMM-Plus for the 2024–2027 cycle, with practical exercises planned in Malaysia and India.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Timor-Leste is an ASEAN member state (making 11 members in ASEAN), not one of the eight Dialogue Partners. The eight Dialogue Partners are India, the USA, China, Russia, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand.