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Daily-mcqs 28 Jan 2026

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams 28 Jan 2026

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams

Q1:

With reference to India’s 77th Republic Day celebrations (2026), consider the following statements:

1.   Republic Day marks the coming into force of the Constitution of India and India’s transition into a sovereign republic.

2.   The ideals of justice, liberty, equality and fraternity reaffirmed on this day are derived from the Preamble of the Constitution.

3.   The theme of the celebrations reflected a synthesis of India’s freedom struggle legacy and its contemporary goal of self-reliant development.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: D

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: India celebrates Republic Day on 26 January to commemorate the coming into force of the Constitution in 1950, which marked the transition from a dominion to a sovereign republic.

Statement 2 is correct: The values of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity are explicitly enshrined in the Preamble of the Constitution, making Republic Day a reaffirmation of constitutional morality.

Statement 3 is correct: The themes ‘Swatantrata ka Mantra: Vande Mataram’ (freedom struggle and cultural heritage) and ‘Samriddhi ka Mantra: Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ (self-reliant development) together represent a blend of historical legacy and modern aspirations.

Q2:

With reference to the Remount and Veterinary Corps (RVC) contingent showcased in the 2026 Republic Day Parade, consider the following statements:

1.   The RVC is responsible for breeding, training, and deploying animals for combat, reconnaissance, and logistics in the Indian Army.

2.   The Corps was formally established in 1960.

3.   Bactrian camels and Zanskar ponies are used by the RVC primarily for ceremonial purposes during national events.

4.   Indigenous dog breeds and trained raptors highlighted the operational and surveillance capabilities of animals in modern military operations.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1,3 and 4 only

C: 1, 2 and 4 only

D: 1, 2, 3 and 4

Show

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The RVC plays a crucial operational role by breeding, training, and deploying animals such as horses, mules, and dogs for combat support, reconnaissance, and logistics, especially in difficult terrains.

Statement 2 is correct: While the RVC was formally established in 1960, its lineage can be traced back to 1779, making it one of the oldest support arms of the Indian Army.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Bactrian camels and Zanskar ponies are not ceremonial animals; they are operational assets, used for high-altitude logistics and supply movement in regions like Ladakh and mountainous terrains.

Statement 4 is correct: The inclusion of indigenous dog breeds for explosive detection and combat roles, along with trained raptors for surveillance, demonstrated the continuing relevance of animal capabilities even in technology-driven warfare.

Q3:

With reference to Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) safety technology, consider the following statements:

1.   V2V technology enables vehicles to exchange real-time information such as speed, location, and braking status using wireless communication.

2.   It forms a part of the Intelligent Transport System (ITS) framework aimed at improving road safety and traffic management.

3.   The Department of Telecommunications has allocated radio frequency spectrum to support the development of V2V technology in India.

4.   The technology is primarily intended to replace driver decision-making and eliminate human error completely.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1,3 and 4 only

C: 1, 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, 3 and 4

Show

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: V2V is a wireless communication technology that allows vehicles to “talk” to each other by sharing real-time data such as speed, position, acceleration, and braking, enabling timely warnings to drivers.

Statement 2 is correct: V2V operates under the broader Intelligent Transport System (ITS) framework, which integrates technology with transport infrastructure to enhance safety, efficiency, and traffic management.

Statement 3 is correct: The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has allocated 30 GHz radio frequency spectrum to facilitate the development and deployment of V2V systems in India, reflecting government support for smart mobility solutions.

Statement 4 is incorrect: V2V technology is designed to assist and alert drivers, not to completely replace human decision-making. It seeks to reduce accidents caused by driver error, which accounts for about 78% of road accidents in India, but does not eliminate human involvement.

Q4:

With reference to DRDO’s Long Range Anti-Ship Hypersonic Missile (LR-AShM) unveiled during the 77th Republic Day Parade (2026), consider the following statements:

1.   The missile is designed to engage both static and moving sea targets at ranges of about 1,500 km.

2.   It follows a quasi-ballistic trajectory and sustains hypersonic speeds while flying at lower altitudes to reduce detectability.

3.   The missile relies on imported avionics and guidance systems due to the complexity of hypersonic technologies.

4.   Its two-stage solid propulsion system transitions into an unpowered glide phase with manoeuvrability.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1,3 and 4 only

C: 1, 2 and 4 only

D: 1, 2, 3 and 4

Show

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The LR-AShM is a long-range anti-ship hypersonic glide missile capable of striking both static and moving maritime targets at distances of around 1,500 km, significantly enhancing India’s sea-denial capability.

Statement 2 is correct: The missile follows a quasi-ballistic trajectory, initially behaving like a ballistic missile but later flying at lower altitudes with atmospheric skips, while maintaining hypersonic speeds (Mach 5–10). This combination reduces radar detection and interception probability.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The missile is built using fully indigenous avionics, sensors, and guidance systems, underscoring India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat push in advanced defence technologies.

Statement 4 is correct: The missile employs a two-stage solid propulsion system, after which it enters an unpowered, highly manoeuvrable glide phase, increasing survivability against modern air-defence systems.

Q5:

With reference to the Reserve Bank of India’s assessment of Kerala’s demographic transition, consider the following statements:

1.   Kerala has been categorised as an “ageing state” as the share of its population aged 60 years and above has crossed 15%.

2.   An ageing population affects state finances through slower revenue growth and rising expenditure on pensions and healthcare.

3.   The RBI has recommended pension reforms, healthcare financing reforms, and labour market adjustments to address fiscal stress arising from ageing.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: D

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The RBI categorises Kerala as an “ageing state” because the proportion of population aged 60 years and above is around 18.7%, well above the 15% threshold, and is projected to rise further by 2036.

Statement 2 is correct: Ageing leads to a dual fiscal squeeze—on the one hand, a shrinking working-age population slows economic growth and tax revenues; on the other, mandatory expenditures such as pensions, healthcare, and social security rise.

Statement 3 is correct: To address ageing-related fiscal pressures, the RBI recommends pension system rationalisation, healthcare financing reforms, workforce policy changes (such as extending retirement age and reskilling), and measures to augment labour supply, including migration.