Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: BHAVYA is a Central Sector Scheme, not a Centrally Sponsored Scheme (meaning it is 100% funded by the Union Government rather than sharing costs between the Centre and the States). However, it is indeed under the purview of the Ministry of Commerce & Industry (specifically driven by DPIIT).

Statement 2 is incorrect: The scheme’s operational guidelines explicitly state that it supports both greenfield and eligible brownfield industrial parks.

Statement 3 is correct: To ensure inclusive and regionally balanced development, the minimum land area required for consideration is 100 acres for non-hilly states. For hilly states, North-Eastern states, Union Territories, and smaller states, the minimum land requirement is 25 acres.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The scheme is executed in partnership with states and the private sector. The projects are implemented through structured Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) registered under the Companies Act, 2013.

Statement 2 is correct: The overall monitoring and coordination are aided by the National Industrial Corridor Development Corporation (NICDC) under DPIIT, which acts as the Project Management Agency (PMA).

Statement 3 is incorrect: While the Central Government provides robust financial assistance—which can go up to ₹1 crore per acre for eligible core, value-added, and social infrastructure—the financial support provided for external infrastructure is capped at 25% of the total project cost, not 50%.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: While many cold-water fisheries are practised in natural streams and rivers, modern aquaculture systems like raceways, hatcheries, and Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) are also actively used. Furthermore, the ideal temperature range for these fisheries spans from 5°C to 25°C, not just below 20°C.

Statement 2 is correct: To maintain the required low temperatures and high dissolved oxygen levels, trout farming is generally practised at altitudes above 1,500 metres, whereas mahseer farming thrives at relatively lower elevations.

Statement 3 is correct: Snow trout (Schizothorax) are indigenous to the Himalayan drainages, while rainbow trout are exotic species that were historically introduced to the Indian subcontinent from Europe.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: Jammu & Kashmir is indeed India’s leading trout-producing region, accounting for over 3,000 metric tonnes of trout. This is heavily supported by the large-scale Kokernag hatchery and thousands of private units.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Cold-water fisheries are a niche but strategic sector. They actually contribute only about 3% of the total inland fish production and a small fraction of India’s overall fish output.

Statement 3 is correct: The Government of India has heavily prioritized this sector through the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY). Significant outlays have been sanctioned to construct essential cold-water infrastructure like raceways, hatcheries, RAS units, and transport vehicles across Himalayan and North Eastern regions.

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The US has designated India as a Major Defense Partner. This unique status is intended to elevate defense trade, technology-sharing, and military ties to a level commensurate with America's closest allies and partners, granting India access to specialized military technologies.

Statement 2 is correct: To facilitate high-end defense cooperation and interoperability, India and the US have signed foundational agreements. COMCASA grants India access to advanced secure communication equipment for real-time data sharing, while BECA allows for the exchange of geospatial intelligence, vital for military targeting and navigation.

Statement 3 is incorrect: While trade negotiations have led to significant tariff reductions—and India has incrementally diversified its energy sourcing—India has not formally agreed to a complete halt on Russian crude oil purchases. India continues to balance its strategic autonomy and energy security needs while expanding its Strategic Energy Partnership with the United States.