Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: INS Dunagiri is a Project 17A stealth frigate designed by the Indian Navy's Warship Design Bureau to excel in multi-dimensional warfare, including anti-ship, anti-air, and anti-submarine operations.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Aligning with the Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make in India initiatives, the vessels feature over 75% indigenous content and extensive participation from Indian MSMEs.

Statement 3 is correct: The vessel was constructed by the Kolkata-based defence public sector undertaking, Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE).

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statements 1 and 2 are correct: INS Sanshodhak is a Survey Vessel (Large) primarily designed for comprehensive hydrographic and oceanographic mapping. Equipped with advanced sonar and underwater mapping systems, it serves as a "floating ocean laboratory" to enhance Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA), support coastal infrastructure planning, and ensure naval navigation safety.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The primary role mentioned in statement 3 describes INS Agray, which is designed specifically for littoral Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) shallow water operations, not INS Sanshodhak.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is Incorrect: INS Arnala is the first indigenously designed and built Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC) delivered to the Indian Navy, not INS Agray. INS Agray is the fourth vessel in this eight-ship series.

Statement 2 is Correct: INS Agray is indigenously designed and built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE). At approximately 77 meters in length, these ASW SWC ships are propelled by waterjets, making them the largest warships in the Indian Navy to use this specific propulsion system. Waterjets offer superior maneuverability in shallow, restricted coastal waters and reduce the ship's acoustic signature, making it highly effective for anti-submarine missions.

Statement 3 is Correct: Along with its core competency of hunting submarines in coastal waters, the vessel is versatile and highly capable of other littoral operations. These include Mine Warfare (detection and neutralization of sea mines), harbour security, and general coastal surveillance.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The project is being developed by Bharat Coal Gasification and Chemicals Limited (BCGCL). This entity is a joint venture between Coal India Limited (CIL) and Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), not the Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL).

Statement 2 is correct: The facility marks a massive milestone in indigenous technology by employing the Pressurised Fluidised Bed Gasification (PFBG) technology, which was developed in-house by BHEL.

Statement 3 is correct: The core objective of the project is to convert solid coal into syngas, which is subsequently processed to create ammonium nitrate. This compound is critical for the country's core sectors, particularly as a key ingredient in mining explosives, civil engineering activities, and infrastructure development.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: Project Nimbus is a massive cloud and AI contract signed in 2021 by the Israeli government with Google Cloud and Amazon Web Services (AWS). It does not involve Microsoft Azure.

Statement 2 is correct: One of the core aims of Project Nimbus is to establish local cloud infrastructure within Israel. This is intended to enhance data sovereignty by keeping sensitive government data localized rather than relying on global servers.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Although Google and Amazon have maintained that the project is strictly for civilian administrative services (finance, healthcare, education) and not designed for classified military or weapons systems, investigative reports and critics highlight that the contract includes the Israeli Ministry of Defense. Because AI can serve dual-use purposes, critics argue that assurances of solely civilian use are difficult to enforce once the technology is deployed.