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Daily-mcqs 12 Nov 2025

Daily Current Affairs MCQs – 12 Nov 2025 | Dhyeya IAS 12 Nov 2025

Daily Current Affairs MCQs – 12 Nov 2025 | Dhyeya IAS

Q1:

Consider the following statements regarding the Tropical Forest Forever Facility (TFFF):

1.   It is a permanent, self-financing fund aimed at providing grants to countries for afforestation projects.

2.   The fund aims to raise $125 billion by mobilizing both public and private capital.

3.   Payments from the fund are linked to verified forest conservation performance.

4.   It is hosted and managed by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1,3 and 4 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, 3 and 4

Show

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Incorrect: The TFFF is not about afforestation projects but rather about conserving existing tropical forests. It provides performance-based financial rewards for maintaining old-growth forests, not grants for new plantations.

Statement 2 – Correct: The fund seeks to mobilize $125 billion through a combination of public funds (from governments and philanthropists) and private capital (from institutional investors like pension and sovereign wealth funds).

Statement 3 – Correct: Payments to countries will be performance-based, calculated per hectare of standing forest, and adjusted for deforestation verified annually by satellite monitoring.

Statement 4 – Incorrect: The fund is hosted at the World Bank, not UNEP. The World Bank acts as the trustee and interim host of the facility.

Q2:

With reference to the recent developments in India–Angola relations, consider the following statements:

1.   Angola is joined all three major India-led global initiatives — the International Solar Alliance (ISA), Global Biofuel Alliance (GBA), and International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA).

2.   India is Angola’s largest trading partner and its biggest oil importer.

3.   A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on fisheries and marine resources was signed during the visit of the Indian President to Angola.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: Angola has joined the International Solar Alliance (ISA) earlier, and during President Murmu’s 2025 visit, it became a member of the Global Biofuel Alliance (GBA) and the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) — all three major India-led global initiatives in sustainable development and environmental conservation.

Statement 2 – Incorrect: While India is Angola’s 3rd largest trading partner, it is not the largest. India accounts for nearly 10% of Angola’s exports, mostly crude oil, but China remains Angola’s largest trading partner. Angola, however, is India’s second-largest African oil supplier after Nigeria.

Statement 3 – Correct: A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on fisheries and marine resources was signed during the visit of the Indian President to Angola.

Q3:

With reference to the BioE3 Policy (Biotechnology for Economy, Environment, and Employment) and India’s nutritional transformation, consider the following statements:

1.   The BioE3 policy aims to accelerate the bioeconomy through high-performance biomanufacturing and promote sustainability.

2.   It includes initiatives such as establishing Biomanufacturing and Bio-AI hubs to strengthen bio-innovation ecosystems.

3.   Under this framework, functional foods and smart proteins are being promoted as part of India’s shift from food security to nutritional security.

4.   The policy is administered by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1,3 and 4 only

C: 1, 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, 3 and 4

Show

Answer: C

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The BioE3 Policy (2024) is designed to accelerate the bioeconomy, promote high-performance biomanufacturing, and ensure environmental sustainability and job creation.

Statement 2 – Correct: It includes the creation of Biomanufacturing and Bio-AI hubs, serving as innovation clusters for developing bio-based products and technologies.

Statement 3 – Correct: The policy explicitly supports innovations such as functional foods, smart proteins, and biotech-based nutrition solutions — aligning with the national shift from food security to nutritional security.

Statement 4 – Incorrect: The policy is not under the Ministry of Agriculture; it is led by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under the Ministry of Science and Technology, though it involves inter-ministerial coordination (agriculture, food processing, health).

Q4:

With reference to India’s new Guidelines for Governance of Artificial Intelligence (AI), consider the following statements:

1.   The framework is built around seven guiding “Sutras” that balance innovation with ethical and human-centric AI design.

2.   The guidelines propose enacting a separate national law on AI to regulate emerging technologies.

3.   The AI Safety Institute (AISI) is envisaged as India’s apex agency for testing, certification, and bias mitigation of AI systems in the new framework.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: B

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The AI Governance Guidelines are based on seven “Sutras”, or guiding principles — such as Trust is Fundamental, People First, Fairness & Equity, Innovation over Restraints, Accountability, Understandable by Design, and Safety & Sustainability. These collectively aim to balance innovation with ethics, human oversight, and transparency.

Statement 2 – Incorrect: The framework does not propose a new AI-specific law. Instead, it recommends leveraging existing legislations such as the IT Act, Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, and Consumer Protection Act, with periodic reviews to adapt to technological change.

Statement 3 – Correct: The AI Safety Institute (AISI) will serve as India’s AI watchdog, responsible for testing, certification, bias mitigation, and ensuring alignment with global safety norms. It will also represent India in international AI governance forums.

Q5:

With reference to India-led global initiatives, consider the following statements:

1.   The International Solar Alliance (ISA) was launched jointly by India and France during COP21 in Paris.

2.   The Global Biofuel Alliance (GBA) was launched during India’s G20 Presidency to promote sustainable fuel alternatives like ethanol and Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF).

3.   The International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) focuses exclusively on tiger conservation within Asia.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A: 1 and 2 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 3 only

D: 1, 2, and 3

Show

Answer: A

Explanation:

Statement 1 – Correct: The ISA was co-founded by India and France in 2015 during the COP21 Summit in Paris, with a focus on expanding global solar energy deployment to address climate change and energy access.

Statement 2 – Correct: The GBA was launched by India in 2023, during its G20 Presidency, to accelerate the adoption of biofuels, especially ethanol, biodiesel, and Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), and to position India as a biofuel innovation hub.

Statement 3 – Incorrect: The IBCA does not focus exclusively on tigers or Asia. It covers all major big cat species globally — including tigers, lions, leopards, jaguars, snow leopards, cheetahs, and pumas — promoting international cooperation in research, conservation, and habitat protection.