Home > Daily-mcqs

Daily-mcqs 29 Jan 2025

Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams 29 Jan 2025

image
Current Affairs MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams

Q1:

Which of the following statements about the impact of mining dust on plant health is correct?

1.     Mining dust primarily affects plant growth by blocking stomatal pores, disrupting gas exchange.

2.     The dust from mining contains only harmless particles, such as sand and dirt.

3.     Transpiration, which is essential for regulating plant temperature, is enhanced by the accumulation of mining dust.

4.     Mining dust has no effect on the carbon uptake of plants.

Choose the correct answer using the codes below:

A: Only 1

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 4 only

D: 3 and 4 only

Answer: A

Explanation:



  • Statement 1 is correct: Mining dust primarily affects plant growth by blocking the stomata, disrupting gas exchange and hindering vital processes such as photosynthesis and oxygen release.

  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Mining dust contains various harmful metals, including lead, aluminum, and iron, which can obstruct plant physiological processes.

  • Statement 3 is incorrect: Mining dust reduces transpiration, impairing the plant's ability to regulate its internal temperature, not enhancing it.

  • Statement 4 is incorrect: The study found that mining dust reduces carbon uptake, impairing plant growth, rather than having no effect.


                            

Q2:

Which of the following statements about the recent development of a nano-formulation for Parkinson’s disease treatment is correct?

1.     The nano-formulation developed by INST uses chitosan nanoparticles to deliver 17beta-oestradiol (E2) directly to the brain.

2.     Parkinson's disease is caused by an overproduction of dopamine.

3.     The targeted nano-formulation works by blocking dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) in the brain to improve motor function.

Choose the correct answer using the codes below:

A: Only 1

B: 1 and 2 only

C: 1 and 3only

D: All of the above

Answer: A

Explanation:


  • Statement 1 is correct: The INST team developed a nano-formulation using chitosan nanoparticles loaded with 17beta-oestradiol (E2). The new nano-formulation helps in the sustained release of a hormone called 17beta-oestradiol which is crucial for managing Parkinson's. Many neurodegenerative and psychiatric malignancies like Parkinson's disease originate from an imbalance of 17 beta-oestradiol (E2) in the human brain.

  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Parkinson's disease is caused by the death of dopamine-producing neurons, not overproduction of dopamine.

  • Statement 3 is incorrect: The formulation involves the conjugation of Dopamine Receptor D3 (DRD3) with E2, but its primary function is to protect neurons, not block DRD3.


                            

Q3:

What is the primary cause of Parkinson's disease?

A: Loss of serotonin-producing neurons

B: Death of dopamine-producing neurons

C: Increased production of acetylcholine

D: Damage to the cerebellum

Answer: B

Explanation:

Parkinson’s disease is primarily caused by the death of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain. Dopamine is essential for controlling movement, and its deficiency leads to the motor symptoms characteristic of Parkinson's, such as tremors, stiffness, and balance issues.


                            

Q4:

Which of the following statements about Joint Parliamentary Committees (JPCs) is correct?

1.     A JPC is set up through a motion passed in one house of Parliament and must be agreed to by the other house.

2.     Members of a JPC include only MPs from the Lok Sabha.

3.     JPCs are permanent bodies that function continuously throughout the year.

4.     JPC recommendations have binding legal power, compelling the government to act on them.

Choose the correct answer using the codes below:

A: Only 1

B: 1 and 3 only

C: Only 1 and 4

D: 2 and 3 only

Answer: A

Explanation:


  • Statement 1 is correct: A JPC is indeed set up through a motion passed in one house of Parliament, with the agreement of the other house.

  • Statement 2 is incorrect: A JPC includes MPs from both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, not just Lok Sabha.

  • Statement 3 is incorrect: JPCs are ad-hoc bodies, meaning they are formed for specific tasks and not permanent or continuous.

  • Statement 4 is incorrect: JPC recommendations have persuasive value but cannot compel the government to act on them, though the government must report follow-up actions.


                            

Q5:

Which of the following statements about microplastics is incorrect?

1.     Microplastics are defined as plastic particles smaller than one millimetre in diameter.

2.     Primary microplastics are created when larger plastic items degrade due to natural factors like UV radiation and ocean currents.

3.     Secondary microplastics are intentionally manufactured small plastic particles, such as microbeads in personal care products.

Choose the correct answer using the codes below:

A: 3 only

B: 1 and 3 only

C: 2 and 4 only

D: All of the above

Answer: D

Explanation:


  • Statement 1 is incorrect: Microplastics are defined as plastic particles smaller than five millimetres in diameter, not one millimetre.

  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Primary microplastics are intentionally manufactured small plastic particles, not formed from the degradation of larger plastic items.

  • Statement 3 is incorrect: Secondary microplastics are formed from the breakdown of larger plastic items, not intentionally manufactured.