(Download) NCERT Books for UPSC & State PSC Exams: Class XII (Economics - Macroeconomics)
Content:
1. INTRODUCTION
- Emergence of Macroeconomics
- Context of the Present Book of Macroeconomics
2. NATIONAL INCOME ACCOUNTING
- Some Basic Concepts of Macroeconomics
- Circular Flow of Income and Methods of Calculating National Income
- The Product or Value Added Method
- Expenditure Method
- Income Method
- Factor Cost, Basic Prices and Market Prices
- Some Macroeconomic Identities
- Nominal and Real GDP
- GDP and Welfare
3. MONEY AND BANKING
- Functions of Money
- Demand for Money and Supply of Money
- Demand for Money
- Supply of Money
- Money Creation by Banking System
- Balance Sheet of a Fictional Bank
- Limits to Credit Creation and Money Multiplier
- Policy Tools to Control Money Supply
4. DETERMINATION OF INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT
- Aggregate Demand and its Components
- Consumption
- Investment
- Determination of Income in Two-sector Model
- Determination of Equilibrium Income in the Short Run
- Macroeconomic equilibrium with price level fixed
- Effect of an autonomous change in aggregate demand on income and output
- The Multiplier Mechanism
- Some More Concepts
5. GOVERNMENT BUDGET AND THE ECONOMY
- Government Budget – Meaning and its Components
- Objectives of Government Budget
- Classification of Receipts
- Classification of Expenditure
- Balanced, Surplus and Deficit Budget
- Measures of Government Deficit
6. OPEN ECONOMY MACROECONOMICS
- The Balance of Payments
- Current Account
- Capital Account
- Balance of Payments Surplus and Deficit
- The Foreign Exchange Market
- Foreign Exchange Rate
- Determination of the Exchange Rate
- Merits and Demerits of Flexible and Fixed Exchange Rate Systems
- Managed Floating
GLOSSARY
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Courtesy: NCERT
